Контроль центрування літальних апаратів і його метрологічне забезпечення

Abstract

The subject matter of the article is the process of weighing and determining the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft. The goal is the creation of devices for weighing and determining the centering of aircraft of various types, which would prevail over the existing built-in systems both in terms of ease of operation and in terms of the accuracy of weight measurement and determination of the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft. The tasks to be solved are: the implementation of the weighing part, which would allow obtaining with sufficient accuracy both the total weight of the aircraft and the weight values that fall on individual supports of the chassis or hydraulic jack stands; providing measurement of the values of geometric parameters necessary for calculating the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft; development of the methodology for calculating the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft; introduction of metrological assurance for determining the centering of an aircraft using the experimental and analytical method of determining errors and the method of metrological simulation. The following results were obtained: the authors proposed to improve the method of determining the centering of aircraft, which is based on the measurement of the weight components of the aircraft and geometric parameters according to the appropriate measurement scheme and using modern high-precision meters with the subsequent calculation of the position of the center of gravity. The method is implemented in a series of aviation tensometric scales with a VAT type radio channel and a methodology for calculating the position of the center of gravity of aircraft. Variants of the methodology for calculating the centering of the aircraft are presented for two options for the implementation of aircraft scales: platform and jack point. The authors also proposed the use of the method of metrological simulation for metrological assurance of control of the aircraft balance, which consists of creating a laboratory physical model of the object under investigation on a reduced scale and conducting experiments on this model. Conclusions. The proposed method has several advantages compared to performing experiments on real aircraft and the use of other methods, namely, cost reduction, time reduction, increased accuracy, clarity, and repeatability.