ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РУБКИ ОСВЕТЛЕНИЯ СТАРЫХ НЕПРОДУВАЕМЫХ ЛЕСНЫХ ПОЛОС

Abstract

On the experimental field of the Faculty of Agronomy (S. Usady) of the Kazan State Agrarian University in 2015, the State Institution "Laishevsky Forestry" carried out a clearing (all shrubs and American maple on the old 300-meter-long forest strip were completely cut down) and the work was not completed. Taking this opportunity, we took the next 300 m as a control and conducted a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the blown and windless forest strip. The experiment was conducted in 2016-2018. in the link of crop rotation: winter rye for grain (Radon variety) - spring wheat for grain (Ulyanovsk 100 variety) and spring rapeseed (Gedemin variety of Belarusian selection). The results of the research showed that the zone of positive influence of the lightened forest strip increases to 120 m against 150 m for the dense forest strip. The increase in the gross harvest of winter rye grain from the zone of influence of the clarified forest strip was 9.5 t/ha, spring wheat - 10.1 and rapeseed oil raw materials – 6.0 t/ha. When converted into grain units, in contrast to the increase in yield, spring rapeseed comes out on top (an increase of 31.2%), since the high content of crude fat (45-46%) ensures a high gross harvest of grain units. The second position is occupied by spring wheat (the gain from clearing is 27.6%) and winter rye occupies the last place with an increase of grain units of 18.8 percent.The final gross harvest of grain cutting units of the field turnover link after clearing exceeds the old forest strip of a dense windless forest strip by 25.2%.The total cost of clearing a dense forest strip, depending on the culture, pays off within 0.8- (spring rapeseed) - 2.2 years (winter rye).