Номинация социума и социоморфный код номинации: соотношение понятий

Abstract

The subject of consideration is the nomination of society as a central fragment of the Russian language picture of the world and a sociomorphic language code based on comparison with society. The relevance of the study lies in the study of the ratio of means of secondary indirect nomination to designate society (sotsial’nyi lift) and the use of primary and secondary direct nomination of society to designate other fragments of the Russian language picture of the world (postavki oruzhiya “kapel’nym polivom”). The material of the press and oral talk-shows of experts (1160 examples) was analyzed. The methods of component analysis and the comparative method were used. The results of the study show the nominative activity of the Russian linguistic personality in the formal and informal nomination of society: the use of landscape (bol’shaya luzha), climatic (stoyat’ na raz”ezzhayushchikhsya l’dinakh), zoomorphic (giena Evropy), artifact (beskonechnyi dollar), historiomorphic (sharovarnyi Vermakht) metaphors; manifestation of the systemic organization of society’s nominations: synonymic series (rzhavyi Tolik, gospodin privatizais ryzhii vaucher Chubais; likhie – banditskie – pomoinye devyanostye), antonymic pairs (zastoi – nezhnyi Brezhnev), homonymous pairs (krasnaya Armiya ‘workers’-and-peasants’ army of the country of Soviets’ – krasnaya armiya ‘association of terrorist brigades of Italy’), thematic groups (time periods, leaders of states, professions, places of settlement, etc.); the appearance in this nominative field of historicisms (khrushchevskaya ottepel’, chlenovoz) and archaisms (okolotochnyi – uchastkovyi). The main functions of the informal nomination of society (epistemological, characterizing, adaptive, philosophical) are established. The results of the work can be used in linguistics, journalism, sociology, political science.