욕창예방 방석의 충격 흡수 시험 장치 개발과 적용

Abstract

Bedsores mainly occur in bedridden patients who have to lie in the same position for a long period of time, or in people with spinal cord disabilities who use wheelchairs and cannot change positions on their own. In order to prevent excessive pressure on the skin over bone protrusions, which causes circulation problems in peripheral blood vessels and causes bedsores, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety has designated and operates bedsore prevention cushions as medical devices. ISO, an international standardization organization, established and operates ISO 16840-2 to evaluate the performance of cushions to prevent bedsores for wheelchair users. The purpose of this study is to design and develop a test device to apply this international standard to the test and evaluation of domestic bedsore prevention cushions. In particular, the main purpose was to develop a shock absorption test device to determine how effectively bedsore prevention cushions cushion the shock that occurs when a wheelchair collides with the road surface on a bump or pothole.
 The impact absorption test device was manufactured by modifying part of the guidelines of ISO 16840-2. In the above international standard, the crash plate is to be supported with a piece of wood block. However, in this study, the time delay that may occur during removal of the block was shortened and convenience was improved by using a roller system instead of wooden block to drop the object. Using the manufactured test device, a shock absorption test was conducted on an air-grid type bedsore prevention cushion and a hybrid bedsore prevention cushion that is a mixture of foam type and air grid type. When the human hip model falls, the falling acceleration was reduced to 63% with the air-grid type cusion compared to the value with no cushion, and it decreased to 42% with the hybrid cushion. However, the occurrence of bedsores is affected not only by the impact force applied to the skin when the wheelchair collides with the ground, but also by the breathability and humidity of the impact area, so it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate various risk factors, including shock absorption tests. The roller-type shock absorption test device will be proposed as an amendment to ISO 16840-2 to the International Standards Committee.