Вплив любительських занять спортом на якість здоров’я

Abstract

In recent years, there has been a trend in society for a healthy lifestyle. According to the World Health Organization recommendations, exercise is considered a key element in the prevention of many non-communicable diseases, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, tumors, chronic respiratory diseases and others. The purpose of the study was to analyze the sources of modern literature on the effects of exercise, including yoga and resistance training, on health. Both types of training were considered as preventive measures or non-drug treatments. Materials and methods. The search for scientific information was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science databases. For the analysis, it was decided to include mainly review articles, meta-analyzes and systematic reviews published in English. An analysis of the scientific literature, which presents views on the features of the use of yoga and resistance training in chronic non-communicable diseases was carried out. Results and discussion. Modern scientists are actively discussing the impact of exercise on quality of life, because the World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not just the absence of disease or physical disabilities. It is determined that yoga and resistance training are popular and accessible to most young and middle-aged people. People who practice yoga tend to have a lower body mass index and show a commitment to a healthy lifestyle. Yoga-based exercises are a safe and effective tool for treating patients with hypertension and diabetes. Breathing exercises during yoga have shown a positive effect on quality of life, symptoms of hyperventilation and lung function in asthma. Yoga, as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy, has positive effects on depression and chronic stress. Resistance exercises can promote bone, muscle, and metabolic health, and are associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events. The data revealed as a result of this review indicate that a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise can significantly reduce the level of chronic non-communicable diseases, significantly increase the duration and quality of life. However, the authors emphasize that compliance with the recommended levels of physical activity remains extremely low, so it is important to monitor the level of physical activity by health professionals. Conclusion. The analysis allows us to conclude that both types of amateur leisure sports, yoga and resistance training, can be recommended as preventive measures or non-drug treatments for chronic non-communicable diseases