Продуктивность сортов люпина узколистного в условиях Среднего Урала

Abstract

Abstract. The purpose is to establish the effectiveness of growing narrow–leaved lupine for grain in the conditions of the Sverdlovsk region. For the first time, new varieties of narrow-leaved lupin of the All-Russian Lupin Research Institute were used for ecological testing in these soil and climatic conditions in single-species crops when grown for grain. Research methodology and methods. The main method of conducting research was the laying of field experiments. Research in 2016–2017 they were conducted at the site of the Ural Research Institute, in 2021–2022 in the educational and experimental farm of the Ural State Agrarian University, located in the forest-steppe zone of the Sverdlovsk region. The main observations and records were carried out according to the methodology of the Institute of Feed. The yield was determined by the weight method with the selection of average samples. Results. In 2016–2017, 5 varieties of narrow-leaved lupine were studied: Raduzhnyy, Uzkolistnyy 53, Belozernyy 110, Smena, Vityaz’, and in 2021–2022, 3 varieties: Siderate 46, Bryanskiy kormovoy and Vityaz. All varieties of narrow-leaved lupine had side branches and beans on them before harvesting. The greatest number of lateral stems and beans was observed in the varieties Raduzhnyy and Vityaz’ in 2017 – 4.2–4.3 pcs. In 2016, the yield of narrow-leaved lupine grain from 1.13 to 1.54 t/ha was obtained on dark gray soil. In more favorable moisture conditions in 2017, the productivity of narrow-leaved lupine was 2-3 times higher than in the previous year in all varieties except for the Uzkolistnyy 53 variety. In acutely arid conditions 2021–2022 on podzolized chernozem, varieties of narrow-leaved lupine: Bryanskiy kormovoy, Vityaz’ and Siderat 46 provided grain yields from 1.34 t/ha for the Siderat 46 variety to 2.45 t/ha for the Vityaz’ variety. Scientific novelty. The effectiveness of growing new varieties of narrow-leaved lupine in the conditions of the Middle Urals was studied for the first time. Varieties have been established that allow obtaining high grain yields.