Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the removal efficiency of Pb(II) through the phosphorylation of corn stalk and natural corn stalk in aqueous solution. After the phosphorylation of corn stalks (PCS), the pHpzc decreased to 3.82, confirming the attachment of acidic functional groups onto the surface of the corn stalks. The pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isothermal models were found to be suitable for modeling the adsorption kinetics and conducting isothermal experiments of the adsorption of Pb(II) onto PCS. The maximum adsorption capacity of Langmuir was 182.76 mg/g. The adsorption process involving PCS was close to physical adsorption, and the adsorption efficiency increased as the temperature increased. According to a Fourier transform infrared analysis, phosphorylation increased the number of carboxyl groups (-COOH) on the corn stalks. In addition, the phosphoric acid group expanded the pore shape of the adsorbent to increase the exposure of anions to the surface. Consequently, the adsorption efficiency of Pb(II), a cationic ion, onto PCS increased.
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