Abstract
The purpose of this study is to derive the optimal conditions of the design factors of non-point pollution reduction facilities in upflow filtration systems. The physical characteristics of the ceramic media and their preparation were investigated, including measurement of the suspended solids removal efficiency and the associated headloss as well as the recovery period of the headloss, which was assessed by its reduction through backwashing when loading solids. The ceramic media used in the upflow filtration system had a particle diameter of 2 to 4 mm, a specific gravity of 0.633, a uniformity coefficient of 1.26, a porosity of 46.7%, and a permeability coefficient of 1.8 cm/sec. When the height of the filter media layer was 60 cm, the headloss of the filter media was 2.03 cm on average at no load. The assessment of this average accounted for three measurements of 30 minute intervals. The average removal efficiency of suspended solids was 82.9% when the suspended solids inflow concentrations were 150±10 mg/L, 250±10 mg/L, and 300±10 mg/L. Additionally the headloss of the filter media layer was 2.51 cm when the accumulated solids were loaded. Effective washing was achieved when the air washing and backwashing experiments were carried out for 5 minutes at an air flow rate of 5 m3/h and water washing at 4 m3/h, respectively.
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