Політичний дискурс щодо функціонування політичних партій в Україні

Abstract

A comprehensive analysis of the political discourse is carried out, which concerns the featuresof the functioning of political parties in Ukraine. Attention is focused on the fact that, like any discursiveinteraction, political discourse not only reflects existing ideas about the current state of developmentof political parties and the party system. Political discourse also creates and changes them, since it isin the process of interaction that citizens analyse, perceive or reject the views of other citizens,respectively transforming those that were previously held. It is found out that in contrast to politicaldiscussions about specific political problems that political parties face in their activities, political discourseincludes not only rational statements, but also emotional ones.It is proved that political discourse covers all broadcasting of the political sphere. That is, all discursive actsthat take place in political institutions with the participation of subjects of political interaction, inparticular, political leaders and representatives of political parties. It is determined that the most commonforms of political discourse are public speeches by leaders of political forces, parliamentary debates,discussion of party and election programs. An important component of political discourse is speech actsthat are on the verge of politics and mass communication, such as press conferences, presentations ofpolitical programs, placement of campaign materials in the media and discussions of party speakers onradio, television and social networks. It is noted that political parties should actively involve citizens indiscussions in social networks. It is proved that the lack of proper communication with citizens via Internetresources reduces the ability to convey the necessary information to voters.It was found out that we can study political competition of parties through political discourse, which isable to act as an effective resource (pro-government or opposition parties), constructing and drawingcertain outlines of political reality, and which is able to legitimize certain subjects of politics. In politicaldiscourse, a certain conditional reality is constructed, which claims to become a political practice. In otherwords, the discussion between political parties on the democracy-authoritarianism dichotomy maycreate new rules of the game in the political process.A democratic society not only declares, but also actually guarantees the rights and fundamental freedomsof citizens. Political parties are important elements of the socio-political structure of society and areimportant subjects of the political process. In democratic countries, they assume important socialfunctions, while becoming an integral part of society. Political discourse makes it possible to find out therole of political parties in political processes and makes it necessary to form new approaches to the studyof their activities.