ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ПОВЫШЕНИЕ ДОЛГОВЕЧНОСТИ ПОРШНЕВЫХ КОЛЕЦ ДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ ВНУТРЕННЕГО СГОРАНИЯ

Abstract

The ongoing improvement of internal combustion engines of various types involves the search for design and technological methods to improve their operational characteristics. In addition to the traditional requirements for reliability, durability and efficient performance, the requirement for environmental friendliness has recently taken one of the first places, since in many large cities both gasoline and diesel engines are the main sources of the unfavorable state of the environment. Intensive introduction of engines that are not related to the use of oil-based fuels will occur in the thirties of this century and, consequently, for at least another decade, urban residents will have to deal with air pollution problems. The paper considers the issues of increasing the reliability and durability of piston rings of internal combustion engines based on the improvement of their manufacturing technology and control methods based on comprehensive consideration and evaluation of elastic properties of this class, which determines the efficiency of the entire power plant. The analysis of existing technological processes of manufacturing cast-iron piston rings underlies the discovery of reserves for more reliable provision of a given diagram of the piston ring radial pressures on the cylinder liner. This positive effect was achieved through the use of modern edge cutting tools based on cubic boron nitride and a physical method for controlling the elastic state of the piston ring, based on defining the energy state of the surface layer of the product. Such studies are based on the use of the method of exoelectronic emission (EEE), capable of responding to changes in the physical and mechanical parameters of the surface layer of piston rings. The wear resistance tests carried out confirmed the possibility of making adjustments to the manufacturing technology and improving the performance characteristics of piston rings.