Принципы формирования качества грузопотоков в системе магистральных нефтепроводов

Abstract

In order to form an oil flow of a given quality, mixing technology is used. Once mixed, some fluctuations in the mass fraction of sulfur are observed within the flow; they depend on the dynamics in changing the indicator between flows arriving at the mixing unit and the arrangement of the mixing procedure. During oil transportation, quality management is responsible for forming product flows of a given quality in accordance with the approved schema of normal (technological) product flows, on the one hand, and preventing significant fluctuations in the mass fraction of sulfur in the flows arriving at the delivery terminal, on the other hand, since such fluctuations cause more difficult regulation of a unit operation mode at refineries and reduced economic efficiency in oil refining. The article presents an approach for assessing the stability of quality in product flows when delivering oil to delivery terminals within the Transneft oil trunk pipeline system. As long as this approach is applied: 1) the magnitude and frequency of fluctuations in the mass fraction of sulfur within the flow (using the stock chart) and the numerical characteristic of quality stability within the flows (using normally distributed random variables) are known; 2) the general tendency in changing quality stability of oil flows in one supply direction is determined; 3) delivery terminals, where decreased indicators are revealed, are identified; 4) the objects within the system exerting the greatest impact on oil quality stability are identified, and the need to adjust the existing system for product flow formation is revealed. This approach can be used to assess the stability of product flow quality within a multifunctional integrated oil quality management system. The system of measures presented by the authors makes it possible to find optimal solutions for forming product flows of a given quality along the entire supply line to both control the mixing efficiency and sequentially distribute the load among the establishmentsoperating the pipeline, thus ensuring oil quality stability at delivery terminals.