Електроенцефалограми у дітей з сенсорною та руховою деприваціями

Abstract

Sensorineural hearing loss and cerebral palsy (CP) are natural models of deprivation. In individuals with these pathologies, the rhythmic components of the electroencephalogram (EEG) of individual zones provide an opportunity to identify the central mechanisms of adaptive changes that develop at the system level. The normalized spectral power of EEG derivation was used in our study to assess the effect of auditory and motor deprivation on the functional state of the brain. The study involved 240 children aged 8 to 15 years who were divided into four groups: group I included 40 muffled boys and 42 girls; to II - 40 guys and 40 girls who heard; to III - 40 boys and 38 girls with impaired motor activity; to IV - 50 guys and 50 girls with normal physical activity. We found that children with limited motor activity had a lower normalized spectral power of the δ-rhythm in the posterior leads on the right side (respectively, girls - 27.23 ± 0.84 and 33.99 ± 1.94; boys - 27.80 ± 1.78 and 36.82 ± 2.04) and temporal from the left (respectively, girls - 27.40 ± 0.98 and 37.82 ± 1.66; boys - 39.88 ± 1.63 and 42.17 ± 2.04). An increase in the normalized spectral power of the θ-rhythm in the temporo-parietal-occipital region of the brain (respectively, girls – 25.73 ± 1.18 and 13.64 ± 0.47; boys – 19.86 ± 0.95 and 12.74 ± 0.78,), a lower normalized spectral power of the α-rhythm and a greater normalized spectral power of the β-rhythm (α-rhythm: respectively, girls – 24.34 ± 1.54 and 41.71 ± 2.54; boys – 27.84 ± 1.48 and 45.01 ± 2.41; β-rhythm: girls – 25.00 ± 1.14 and 9.95 ± 0.48; boys – 19.94 ± 0.86 and 9.20 ± 0.66) over almost the entire scalp compared to children with sensorineural hearing loss.