ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ СИЛЫ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ ДИСБАЛАНСНОГО ПОЧВООБРАБАТЫВАЮЩЕГО КАТКА НА ПОЧВУ

Abstract

Intensification of the process of soil compaction and structuring during sowing is possible on the basis of development of a new unbalanced tillage roller (UTR) equipped with disbalances rotating around the axis of a hollow cylinder. The rotation of disbalances leads to a change of the roller kinematic parameters and the nature of its impact on the soil. Having accepted the developed device as a material system with several degrees of freedom, we applied the Lagrange equation of the second kind to determine the kinematic parameters of the system, on the basis of which we obtained a system of second-order differential equations of the motion of the UTR in relation to generalized coordinates. The derived dependences made it possible to establish the kinematics peculiarities of the UTR at various masses of the hollow cylinder and disbalances. It was found that the impact of the UTR forms combined deformations of compression, shear and extension in the tilled soil environment, providing better fulfillment of agricultural requirements for rolling. It was revealed that the impact force of the UTR with rotating disbalances on the tilled soil environment has a periodic character of change, reaching a maximum of 1488 N with a mass of disbalances of 3 kg, their distance from the axis of the hollow cylinder by 0.25 m, the speed of the forward movement of the UTR of 3 m / s and disbalance rotation frequency 2 times higher than the hollow cylinder rotation frequency. The presence of this force intensifies the destruction process of soil clods and creates a structured and appropriately compacted soil layer in the area of seed placement. By changing the mass of UTR disbalances, their rotation frequency, relative position and position in relation to the hollow cylinder, it is possible to achieve exact compliance with agricultural requirements for rolling of various types of soils.