Інститути інноваційного розвитку як чинник конкурентних переваг країни

Abstract

The aim of the research is to generalize the foreign experience of gaining competitive advantages by the country through institutional influence on the innovative development of the economy and to study the possibility of its application in Ukraine. In the context of global challenges that make changes in the traditional world order of economic management, when competition for leadership and maintenance of innovative competitive advantages in the international arena is intensifying, there is a need to study the impact of institutions on the innovative development of the economy of the most powerful countries of the world along with the countries catching up in development, including Ukraine. The carried out research systematized scientific views; generalized them taking into account more contemporary thoughts; the data of the ratings of competitive advantages of countries and their dimensions are analyzed; the experience of institutional development of the leading countries and the principle of consistency in building an effective national scientific and innovation system are compared. It is verified that inclusive political institutions create obstacles to the usurpation of power and generate inclusive economic institutions that provide greater stability to the country’s economy. A general rating characterization of the economic development of countries that underlie innovation and acquisition of competitive advantages in the world market is carried out. The experience of foreign countries in transforming institutions into a competitive advantage that contributes to the innovative development of the State is studied. Obstacles to the innovative development of Ukraine have been identified. It is proved that increasing the international competitiveness of the country’s economy depends on the formation of institutions of innovative development as the basis of national policy and private business. The conditions for building an innovation-type economy as a modern national innovation system of Ukraine are presented and the prospects for their further research are defined.