Abstract
호맥, 연맥 및 혼합목초의 3가지 사료작물 청예를 수확시기를 일반적인 수확적기와 7일 조기수확으로 수확시기를 달리하고 볏짚과 밀기울과 곡류로서 옥수수와 콩을 체중 550Kg, 일일산유량 15Kg인 젖소착유우의 체중유지와 우유생산량을 유지하기 위한 완전사료로서 배합한 후 각각 7개의 60리터 밀폐용기에 충분히 진압하여 담근 후 제조 당일과 5, 10, 25, 35, 60 및 100일에 각각 개봉하여 각각의 TMFF의 영양적 가치변화를 조사하였다. 각 TMFF의 평균 수분, 조단백질(CP), ADF, NDF, Ca 및 P 함량은 각각 72<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>75%, 14.75<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>18.24%, 12.47<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>19.07%, 39.82<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>47.01%, 0.99<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>1.07% 및 0.38<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>0.41% 범위를 나타내었으며, TMFF의 초종간 비교에 있어서는 조단백질 함량은 혼합목초-TMFF가 가장 높게 나타내었으며, ADF, NDF함량에 있어서는 호맥-TMFF의 것이 가장 높은 것으로 나타내었다(P<0.05). 수확시기에 따라서는 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않은 반면, 제조 후 경과일수에 따라서는 전체적으로 영양성분 함량이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다(P< 0.05). TMFF의 내부온도는 외기의 영향을 받으며 평균적으로 1<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>5 정도 낮게 나타내었는데, 겨울철에 제조된 연맥-TMFF에 있어서는 제조 후 10일까지는 오히려 6<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>9 정도 더 높게 나타내었다가 이후 감소하여 초기발효열로 인한 TMFF의 내부온도 상승 양상을 나타내었다(P<0.05). TMFF의 산도(pH)는 전체적으로 4.0<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>4.2범위로서 초종의 차이나 수확시기에 의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그리고 TMFF의 암모니아태질소(<TEX>$NH_3$</TEX>-N) 함량에 있어서는 전체적으로 7.79<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>8.23mg/<TEX>$d{\ell}$</TEX>의 범위에서 수확시기와 제조 후 경과일수에 따른 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다. TMFF의 휘발성지방산 함량은 호맥-TMFF의 acetic acid와 butyric acid 함량이 높게 나타내었으며 제조일수의 경과에 따라서는 lactic acid와 butyric acid 함량이 각각 증가하여 나타내었다(P<0.05). 그리고 제조가 완료된 TMFF에서 채취한 볏짚들의 시험관내 건물소화율 시험결과에 있어서 무처리볏짚에 비하여 15<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>20% 이상의 소화율 향상을 나타내었다(P<0.05). Three kinds of green forages(rye, oats and mixed forages) was harvested and mixed with rice straw, wheat bran and 2 grains(corn and soybean), which harvested 2 different dates(common harvesting dates, 7 days early to common harvesting dates). And each mixture was ensiled in 6 poly vinyl chlorides that was 60 liter, immediately. They were opened at 0, 5, 10, 25, 35, 60 and 100 days after ensiling for chemical analysis. And its effects of those TMFFs on feed values were observed. Average contents of water, crude protein, ADF, NDF, Ca and P of formulated TMFs were 72 to 75%, 14.75 to 18.24, 12.47 to 19.07, 39.82 to 47.01, 0.99 to 1.07 and 0.38 to respectively. Crude protein content was the highest in the mixed forages-TMFF and the lowest in the rye-TMFF. The ADF and NDF contents of rye-TMFF were higher than orthers. And CP, ADF, NDF, TDN, P and Ca contents were no significant difference among treatments regardless of storage period and harvest time, but all treatments indicated good quality. Intenal temperatures of TMFF were shown to be 1 to 5<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX> higher than ambient temperatures. The temperature of the Oat-TMFF formulated during winter sustained higher to the level of 6<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>9<TEX>$^{\circ}C$</TEX> for 10 days. The pH of TMFF were 4.0 to 4.2 and the content of <TEX>$NH_3$</TEX>-N was shown to be 7.79 to 8.23mg/<TEX>$d{\ell}$</TEX>. In the VFA contents, any tendency was not shown at all treatments depending on harvest time. Even though rye-TMFF showed the lowest VFA value. At all treatments except rye-TMFF, propionate production was increased and stable after 25 days of storage. Digestibility of rice straw from TMFF on DM basis was 15<TEX>${\sim}$</TEX>20% higher compared with non-treated rice straw.
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