Виктимологические аспекты геронтопсихиатрии. Предупреждение жестокого обращения и насилия

Abstract

Background : the ageing of the world's population is accompanied by an increase in cases of age discrimination, abuse and violence. In Russia there is no monitoring of cases of abuse of elderly people. There has been an increase in crimes against the elderly related to fraud with their property, physical violence by children. We observe a growing number of property transactions committed under the influence of fraud, deceit. There is an increasing number of elderly, deprived of legal capacity. The aim was to identify the determinants and forms of ill-treatment we examined 235 patients of a late age who underwent forensic psychiatric examination in the criminal and civil cases. The results revealed forms of abuse and violence: physical — bodily injury; psychological — involuntary placement in a psychiatric hospital and an examination by a psychiatrist, a psychiatric hold in the hospital, the unlawful deprivation of legal capacity; financial — fraud with housing for older people, manipulation at the conclusion of civil-legal acts. Risk of abuse increases the biological determinants — sensory and motor deprivation, multimorbidity pathology, specific disorders later in life, dementia; socio-psychological — the termination of labor activity, loneliness, conflicts with children and alcohol; legal — conclusion and contestation civil legal acts, legal illiteracy, legal controversy, the lack of legal protection. Conclusions : to prevent abuse of the elderly a complex of legislative measures is required aimed at protection of their rights, monitoring of cases of abuse, legal, psychological, educational, medical education and assistance programs, enhancing the spiritual culture of the people.