Методы тувинской традиционной медицины в условиях трансформирующего общества

Abstract

Abstract. Relevance. One of the tasks of the society is the problem of health saving of the population. Currently, the methods of Tuvan traditional medicine are known as specific services among the population of Tuva. Tuvan traditional methods of treatment differ from academic modern medicine - for a native of traditional Tuvan culture, knowledge of medicines of plant and animal origin is an integral part of mandatory knowledge. The aim of the work is to analyze the method of Tuvan traditional medicine in a transforming society and its social integration into the healthcare sector of Tuva. Materials and methods. Literature review; study of the treatment method of Tuvan traditional medicine in interviews with informants. Results. The methods of Tuvan traditional medicine for healing are used by every Tuvan who lives in remote kozhuuns of Tuva. The definition of "kara em" is typical for all medicines, materials of animal, natural or vegetable origin that are used in Tuvan traditional medicine. The main people who used the methods of Tuvan traditional medicine were shamans and people who were called "otchu-emchi", "emneer-domnaar bashki", "suybaar bashki", "karam kornur kizhi". Recently, lama-bashkylar or shamans have been admitted to the hospital, where the patient is in serious condition, to conduct the Tuvan traditional medical rite (khamnaar, domnaar, karam-kornur, symyranir, artyzhaar). Conclusions. Tuvans are a unique people who use everything in nature to heal themselves. The established methods of Tuvan traditional medicine among the population of Tuva are passed down by word of mouth to this day. The paradox is that they do not realize that they independently use some methods of Tuvan traditional treatment that they learned from their parents, and they are conditioned by the culture, tradition and lifestyle of Tuvan people. These valuable facts (according to the informants) were noted especially in the remote kozhuuns of Tuva. There is a tendency for the revival and professionalization of Tuvan traditional medicine and the definition of the classification of methods of Tuvan traditional medicine requires scientific research on the basis of the Center of Traditional Medicine of the Research Institute of Medical and Social Problems and Management of the Republic of Tuva, since in the modern period the integration of academic modern medicine and Tuvan traditional medicine in the health system for the improvement of the population of Tuva is especially relevant.