Порівняльний аналіз державних банків розвитку Індії та Китаю

Abstract

The economic systems of the world's largest countries ground on the interaction of public and private sectors. State-owned banks aim to overcome «market failures» for overall economic growth. In the South Asian region, the public sector plays a crucial role in the national banking system. The largest operations are characterized by state-owned banks in India and China, in particular, development banks. On the other hand, the business models of such banks differ, due to different levels of centralization and government intervention in the economy. It can be argued that state-owned development banks (hereinafterSDB) are a powerful tool of economic policy, which is quite successfully used to countercyclical regulation and eliminate sectoral and regional imbalances. It is necessary to assess the effectiveness of the SDB not so much by the traditional set of profitability and asset quality, but by the growth rate of gross national product, employment, a positive foreign trade balance, the level of national welfare of the countries, in which they are located. The generalization of SDB operation models is extremely important for Ukraine, which needs to stimulate economic growth and reduce its dependence on external credit financing. The choice of India and China for the study is due to the similarity of the economies of these countries.