РАДИКАЛЬНИЙ КОНСТРУКТИВІЗМ ЯК НОВИЙ ВИТОК РОЗВИТКУ ЕВОЛЮЦІЙНОЇ ЕПІСТЕМОЛОГІЇ

Abstract

With the dynamic development of cognitive sciences, the principles of interdisciplinary projects of naturalistic epistemology began to be revised in view of the limited scientific validity of their theories. Based on the sources, it was analyzed whether modern radical constructivism can appear as a modified form of evolutionary epistemology and how cognitive biology modernizes these two projects in real time with the participation of the latest developments of the evo-devo-perspective, which indicates the integration of all modern theoretical approaches to the study of epistemology of knowledge: computer biology, biosemiotics, cognitive research, etc. It was found that radical constructivism and evolutionary epistemology have the same methodological position, which is contained in the understanding of life and knowledge from two sides of the same process. Cognition is an activity that is part of self-reproduction and self-preservation of autopoiesis systems. The interaction of the autopoiesis system, which is a living organism (humans, animals, plants) with the surrounding environment is a cognitive interaction. When cognition is understood as a life process, it includes perception, emotional activity, and behavior, which is also the object of analysis of cognitive biology. It is shown that neither evolutionary epistemology nor radical constructivism and cognitive biology is a closed theory or a completed project. The boundaries of cognitive biology are expanding to such an extent that we are starting to talk about cognitive neuroscience – a field in which the biological basis of cognition is studied, first of all, the neural substrate of mental processes, and about the synthesizing convergence of cognitive sciences and life sciences. It gives grounds for the creation of neuroethics, neuroaesthetics, neuropolitics, and neurophilosophy. Such projects are transdisciplinary, as they include the study of genetic components of changes, and evolution and development, that is, the study of the relationship between evolution and development, between phylogeny and ontogenesis. Accordingly, these projects appear not as systems of knowledge, not as established disciplines, but as research programs of an interdisciplinary nature – because the basis and boundaries of their research are currently expanding and closely related to each other.