Тошнота и рвота беременных: влияние на качество жизни

Abstract

Objective. To examine the relationship between nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) of varying severity and health-related quality of life (QoL), as well as the efficacy of improving it with the Preginor® complex. Patients and methods. A prospective cohort study enrolled 94 women at 6 to 16 weeks’ gestation with mild to moderate nausea and/or vomiting. The clinical status of patients and QoL were assessed by questionnaire before, during and after administration of Preginor® with evaluating the Pregnancy–Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea/PUQE index and socioeconomic status, habits, and lifestyle from specialized questionnaires. Results. Based on the total PUQE index, 69.1% of pregnant women had mild nausea and vomiting. Moderate NVP accounted for 30.9%. No cases of severe NVP that might require hospitalization were identified. In the calculation, the average PUQE score before the use of Preginor® was 6.5. By the end of treatment, the mean value of NVP index decreased by 2.2 times; 37.2% of patients had no complaints, while 55.3% only experienced mild nausea. In 7.5% of women, even with the persistence of moderate manifestations of NVP, their intensity was significantly reduced, improving the general condition of pregnant women and increasing their QoL. In some patients, the Preginor® complex could be continued for more than 1 month upon the recommendation of the attending physician. Conclusion. According to the data presented, NVP, the intensity of which can be measured by the PUQE index, has a significant impact on various aspects of women’s lives, including global QoL, day-to-day aspects, and readiness to become pregnant again. A decrease in this index during the treatment of NVP is associated with an improvement in physical and mental QoL. For this reason, the NVP-specific PUQE index can be a very useful tool in clinical practice. The use of Preginor® complex for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, significantly alleviating these symptoms, improves patients’ quality of life and daily activities. Key words: nausea, vomiting, pregnancy, antiemetics, ginger, Preginor®, quality of life