Розрахунковий метод визначення рівня забезпеченості рослин макроелементами живлення

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to highlight the results of research and substantiate the possibility of using the calculation method for determining the level of provision of plants with macronutrients. Improving the information and methodological support for sustainable management of crop nutrition in a state of war is of particular importance – this will allow much more efficient use of very limited fertilizer resources. Applied materials and methods: – results of many years of research in a stationary field experiment; analysis, generalization and statistical processing of data from stock and modern literary materials (partially combined in an electronic database); analysis and synthesis of data from the agrochemical service in the country. Investigated objects: the main soils of Ukraine, including typical chernozem (Haplic Chernozem), theoretical substantiation of mathematical formalization and interpretation of the assessment of the nitrogen, phosphate and potassium status of Ukrainian soils. It has been established that the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds in the soil can be predicted quite accurately by building a mathematical model. The corresponding regression equations are proposed. Unfortunately, the practical significance of such models is low. It has been proved that a direct attempt to build a model of the dependence of the content of mobile compounds of phosphorus or potassium on the composition of the soil or its properties is doomed to failure. At the same time, the identified features of the nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium systems of soils (as thermodynamic systems) made it possible to theoretically substantiate the possibility of mathematical formalization of the assessment of the trophic state of arable soils (the level of provision with natural mineral nitrogen), as well as mobile compounds of phosphorus and potassium under their extensive conditions. intensive and post-intensive use. It has been confirmed that all, without exception, chemical methods of analysis (acidic, alkaline, saline) have the ability to clearly reflect the presence of phosphorus or potassium, which entered the soil in the form of water-soluble fertilizers. Since the value of the phosphate or potassium level of unfertilized or poorly fertilized arable soils is a constant value, it is not advisable to conduct any additional examination of them, especially in war conditions. Mathematical models have been developed for extrapolation and interpolation of data on the content of mobile compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in arable soils formed under the influence of natural or anthropogenic factors.