РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ПОЛЕВЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ ПОЧВООБРАБАТЫВАЮЩЕГО ОРУДИЯ С ЭЛЛИПСОВИДНЫМИ ДИСКАМИ

Abstract

This paper presents the results of field studies of a rotary tool for soil tillage, consisting of a frame on which is placed a working section in the form of elliptical discs with double-sided grinding. The major axes of the ellipsoid disks are inclined to the axis of rotation. A rotating roller is installed behind the working section to level and compact the field surface. The aim of this work is to substantiate the rational values of the technological parameters of the rotary tool on the basis of experimental studies in field conditions of the soil tillage depth, combing of the treated field surface and the degree of soil crumbling under various operating conditions of the unit. To determine the processing depth and the degree of soil crumbling, standard methods were used. Grating was determined using the device IP-250. As a result of research, it was found that, at a given processing depth of 80 mm and an increase in the speed of movement of the rotary tool to 3.61 m/sec., the ridge surface of the field decreases to 14-15 mm, and then begins to increase. This is explained by the fact that at high speeds the rotational roller does not have time to destroy lumps, which leads to an increase in combing. It was also found that with an increase in the speed of movement up to 3.61 m/sec. and a processing depth of 80 mm, the soil crumbling degree increases to 86-87%, and with a further increase in speed it begins to decrease. This is explained by the fact that at elevated speeds of aggregate’s movement, the working units of the rotary tool begin to deepen from the soil, as a result of which the predetermined depth of tillage and its high crumbling cannot be maintained. Thus, rational values of the speed of a rotary tool’s movement with elliptical disks ranging from 3.33 to 3.88 m/sec., which ensure the fulfillment of agrotechnical requirements for surface tillage, are determined.