Abstract
Modern textbooks are devoted to the formation of “citizens” and become the channels for the formation of modern common sense, such as “Civil rights”, “Republic (or Democracy)”, “Natural human rights”, “Freedom” and “Rights” As a textbook of knowledge production and dissemination, it has become an interactive medium between the elite thought and the public. Therefore, the content of textbooks in different periods and the evolution of these modern concepts also reflect the change of political context and discourse at that time.<BR> In the late Qing Dynasty, although prohibited the use of words such as “Minquan” and “Liberty”, the word “Liberty” often appeared in textbooks. No matter “liberty”, “right” or “civil rights”, they all refer to “natural human rights” and “civil rights”. After the founding of the Republic of China, textbooks mainly expressed the meanings of “republic” and “civil”, and also emphasized the concept of “people
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