К обоснованию параметров регулирующих устройств адаптивного доильного аппарата

Abstract

In the introduction we exposed the urgency of establishing a milking machine with sufficient bandwidth and adaptive properties, i.e. possibility to change the milking procedure of each udder fraction separately, depending on the flow intensity of milk therein. The purpose and objectives of research – improving the machine milking efficiency on the basis of justification of design-mode parameters of a spring mechanism of regulator valve of under-pressure of milking machine. In the theoretical part the diagram of a teat cup is shown, which includes under-pressure regulator, configured as a milk catcher with float and separated by a flexible membrane of milk disengaging chamber and the control chamber; a diagram of the valve gear of vacuum regulator, and a diagram of the spring pressing valve mechanism. A theoretical expression was given, which characterizes the dependence of effort on the valve from its original position relative to the attachment points of the springs, their length, stiffness, and movement of the valve. In the experimental there is a diagram of experimental studies and methods of valve spring mechanism. It was founded, that the deviation from the vertical of spring clip “l” in the initial position of 20 mm, a distance of spring attachment points “a” from the valve stem - 20 mm and the valve hole diameter - 0.2, 0.25 or 0.3 mm, vacuum pressure - 50 kPa, the optimal movement, in which the maximum pressing force provides, is equal to the displacement of 10 mm, and the spring constant for the diameter of the valve openings of 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3 mm are respectively 0.3536 , 0.5525 and 0.7956 N/m. An empirical equation is taken, the assessment of the adequacy of which confirmed the correctness of theoretical positions, that characterize the spring mechanism. It was proved by production tests, that the experimental adaptive milking machine compared with ADU-1-03 one, contributes to a fuller realization of cows milk ejection reflex. It was noted that the incidence of udder mastitis decreased to 18 ... 22%. The growth of milk production of animals is 8.1%. An annual economic effect, considering the above costs and milk production increase of cows per 256 heads is 708156 rubles, and per one cow is 2766 rubles. The milking machine introduction on the farms of Belgorod region yielded economic benefits in excess of 340 thousand rubles a year.