Abstract
Human physical condition, physical qualities and motor skills tend to change significantly with age. There are significant changes in the coordination of movements as well: the accuracy of their execution decreases, the pace and mobility slow down, the reaction speed diminishes, the rate of new motor action development decreases. However, despite large reflection of these aspects in literary sources, it should be noted that there are contradictory opinions on the issues of norms and, especially, the modes of motor activity, as well as the regulation of physical loads, mainly aimed at maintaining the motor coordination abilities of athletes-masters. Objective. To determine changes in the level of physical qualities of single combat athletes of different age groups under the influence of training sessions. Methods. To determine the level of manifestation of physical qualities general preparatory and special exercises performed by single combat athletes were used, who trained three times a week and participated in competitions in accordance with adopted in martial arts age groups. The results of tests were taken from the protocols of control tests at the beginning of the competition period as the most commonly used in determining the level of development of physical qualities in single combat fighters and the most accessible to perform by athletes of different ages. Results. The conducted studies allowed to establish the dynamics of the manifestation of physical qualities of single combat masters in different age periods of veterans’ sports. As a result of the study, it was found that after the cessation of active sports practicing, the level of physical qualities is gradually reduced, but in the studied age periods has occured unevenly. The obtained results indicate gradual decrease of physical fitness indices during the period of studies, which is connected in some cases with an increase in body weight and gradual decrease of the motor potential of athletes-masters.
Highlights
Для визначення рівня прояву фізичних якостей використовувалися загально-підготовчі і спеціальні вправи єдиноборців, які займалися тричі на тиждень і брали участь у змаганнях відповідно до прийнятих в єдиноборствах вікових груп (31–34; 35–40; 41–45 років)
Зіставлення тестів, що відображають рівень прояву фізичних якостей і функціонального стану організму єдиноборців-ветеранів вказує на наявний кореляційний взаємозв’язок між частотою серцевих скорочень і бігом на 30 м (r = –0,55) і 200 м (r = –0,51); артеріальним систолічним тиском і бігом на 30 м (r = 0,63) і п’ятиразовим стрибком (r = 0,59); діастолічним артеріальним тиском і бігом на 200 м (r = –0,60); анаеробною метаболічною ємністю серцевого м’яза і бігом на 30 м (r = –0,72) і 200 м (r = –0,65), а також стрибком у довжину (r = 0,56) і вгору (r = 0,65) з місця; аеробною метаболічною ємністю і результатами тесту Купера (r = 0,62)
Summary
Таблиця 2 – Матриця достовірності різниці показників тесту Купера та бігу на 30 м єдиноборців-ветеранів у період активних занять та в період виходу зі спорту вищих досягнень
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