Картографическая реконструкция природопользования на основе ретроспективных топографических карт

Abstract

Taking the most developed part of the Baikal basin as example a digital cartographic reconstruction of the regional nature management of the early XX century is compiled; it enables establishing the physical and geographical characteristics of the territory economic use in the past. As a result of nature management objects retrospective layers vectorization and subsequent transformation of their shp files into the ArcGIS environment spatial object classes, two cartographic sets of such classes were formed. They characterize two types of regional nature use, traditional pastoral and invasive agricultural. As a result of layer-by-layer geoinformation modeling of cartographic sets on a modern topographic basis and a digital relief model, primary areas of settlement and economic use of the territory were established, and various mapping of spatial and temporal life support structures of nature management different types was performed. For operational digital visualization, a technological solution is proposed for storing and mapping sets of classes of spatial objects through arrangement of a file-based geodata of the ArcGIS information environment. Cartographic reconstructions of pastoral and agricultural nature management at the beginning of the XX century are presented, as well as its general cartographic reconstruction on landscape basis.