Abstract
Goal. To determine the effectiveness of carbohydrate-protein feeding, namely: the impact of protein feed (bee pollination) on the development of bee colonies and physiological parameters of bees in the period of its absence or low level of receipt. Methods. Laboratory — to determine the mass of larvae and bees, zootechnical — to account for the growth and strength of the bee family, statistical — for biometric processing of experimental data. Biometric data processing was performed on a PC using MS Excel software. Results. The influence of the use of carbohydrate and protein fertilization on the spring growth of bee colonies and their preparation for the effective use of the honey collection is studied. The expediency of using carbohydrate-protein feeding for the bee colonies to improve the physiological parameters of bees is shown. Conclusions. Carbohydrate protein feeding in the spring significantly affects the growth of bee colonies, allowing them to build strong families before the honey harvest. Carbohydrate-protein feeding of bees in early spring promotes the production of larger larvae, which, in turn, contributes to the production of high-grade bees. The proposed method of feeding bee colonies in the spring in the form of a paste (candy), which includes: powdered sugar, liquid honey, bee pollen, water, is a simple and effective one and can be recommended to increase the number of bees in the spring in preparation for honey harvest. The use of carbohydrate-protein feeding helps to increase the honey productivity of bee colonies and increase the intensity of egg-laying of queen bees. However, carbohydrate-protein feeding makes sense only before the start of the main honey harvest, i.e. in the conditions when there is a lack of bee pollen in the nest.
Highlights
The annual cycle of the development of the bee family in our climatic conditions can be described briefly in this way: during the warm time of the year young bees in the first days of their lives are intensively feeding on bee pollen and bee bread
Conclusions carbohydrate-protein feedings in spring under terms of the lack of bee pollen source significantly affects the growth of the bee families giving the opportunity to develop strong families before the honey collection
They make point only before the start of the main honey collection, in particular in the conditions when there is the limited flow of the bee pollen into the nest
Summary
According to the results of the experimental study, provided in the table 1, it was determined that in all periods of accounting bee families of the experimental group raised more brood than the ones of the control group. One of the indicators of vitality and normal activities of bees is their mass For this purpose we conducted the research to determine the influence of the carbohydrate-protein feed on the live weight of the six year old larvae and newborn bees. It should be noted that as a result of feeding of the families of experimental group with candy containing bee pollen the live weight of six year old larvae averaged 154,96±0,60 mg, which is 8,61mg larger than in the control group – 146,35±0,87 mg. As a result of the better development of the experimental families, their strength in comparison to the control group was 2,5 bee spaces larger on average as evidenced by data in table 3
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