Հարկային քաղաքականության հիմնախնդիրները լեռնահանքային արդյունաբերության կայուն զարգացման համատեքստում / Issues of Fiscal Policy in the Context of Sustainable Development of the Mining Industry

Abstract

The mining industry is distinguished by the special fiscal policy applied. The range of taxes applied in the sector is wider, and in addition to traditional taxes, it also includes natural resource levies, royalties, and environmental taxes. By fulfilling tax obligations to the state, the mining industry has expectations from the state itself in terms of fair redistribution of taxes. Studies show that the fiscal policy applied in the RA does not contribute to the sustainable development of mining organizations, as their expectations for state financial support are much higher than what actually happens. Tax organizations seek state financial support for the implementation of new mining technologies, investments in waste management with modern methods, as their implementation is costly and requires external financial support. On the other hand, effective redistribution of taxes is also required by the communities formed around the mining organizations, as they are the ones, who first feel the harmful impact of the sector on environmental protection. Therefore, when developing a tax policy in the mining industry, there is a need to solve not only the problems of tax collection, but also the fair redistribution of taxes. The paper focuses on the issues related to improving the fiscal policy applied in the field of mining industry, proposing potential solutions that can foster sustainable development of the sector. In particular, it is proposed to establish an information feedback mechanism between external and internal stakeholders of the mining industry. This mechanism will provide an opportunity to assess the degree of realization of the goals of the stakeholders of the sector in the context of the interaction between the ongoing fiscal policy and the sustainable development of organizations.