Әбу Насыр Мүбашшир ат-Таразидің «Йадгар Зандан иа aйней жаһан» («Түрме естелігі немесе әлем айнасы») атты мәснәуиі.

Abstract

Annotation. The path of struggle, numerous works and literary and journalistic heritage of Abu Nasir Mubashshir at-Tarazi (1896-1977), a native of historical Taraz city, a prominent religious and political figure who spent 47 years in emigration, still remain without due attention and research in Kazakhstan. The voluminous poetic work of the ulema in Persian, Yadgar Zandan ia Aynei Jahan (Memory of the Prison or the Mirror of the World), was born in a prison in Kabul, Afghanistan, from September 6 to November 21, 1947. In the article, this voluminous work in the masnavi genre is analyzed for the first time on the basis of the original. At the end of this work, the poet notes that he wrote this work, focusing on the form of the work of Jalal ad-Din ar-Rumi (1207-1273) “Masnavi Magnavi” or “Semantic Masnavi”. The work is divided into 192 chapters, each of which has a thematic title, the main content of which is formed by religious and political motives. Masnavi begins with gratitude and prayer to Allah and praise of the Prophet. In the next chapter, entitled “In Prison”, he describes the mood of his son and the comrade imprisoned with him, and urges them to remain patient. The work examines the situation in the world after the Second World War and discusses complex global geopolitical problems. Equating communism with a plague that has affected all peoples and humanity, with an incurable disease that spreads from one place to another in the form of a microbe, warns of this danger. In the chapter “Turkestan”, he praises his homeland as “the cradle of the great”, “the earth is a treasure, a storehouse of knowledge and art”, “heaven on earth”, writes, appreciating all the advantages, that his homeland was oppressed by the communists, and lists the entire struggle of the Turkestan people for freedom. The sections “Communist power and law”, “Publishing house”, “Education”, “Wakfs”, “Mosques and madrasahs”, “My father’s central mosque in Taraz”, “Dar-ul-Kada (House of judges)” describe the violation of human rights in his native country, the imposition of restrictions on elections, meetings, the press, book publishing, freedom of thought, that in the field of education nothing is taught except for secular sciences and the ideas of the Communist Party, the closure of mosques, madrasahs, waqfs, Sharia courts, repression, etc. The section “Kosh” (Resettlement) touchingly describes the suffering and longing for the homeland of refugees who were forced to leave their homeland, unable to endure the pressure and humiliation of the Soviet regime. The work is valuable as an artistic depiction of a difficult fate, difficulties, and experiences in captivity, true faith in the one and only Allah, selfless love for the Motherland of the author who fought for independence.