Методика вскрытия и извлечения органов лабораторных животных. Сообщение 7: собаки, кошки

Abstract

Necropsy and subsequent histological examination of organs and tissues are one of the main methods of studying toxicity necessary for an adequate assessment of the results of preclinical studies. In view of this, there is a need to develop a certain order of necropsy, ensuring the repeatability of the manipulations performed from stage to stage and from experiment to experiment, as well as allowing organs to be extracted in the required composition, preserving their integrity suitable for histological examination, and optimally using working time. The purpose of this work is to describe methodology for necropsy and extracting organs of dogs (using the example of the beagle breed) and cats, applicable in preclinical studies. Dogs are used to evaluate the pharmacological safety, pharmacokinetics and efficacy of tested drugs. They also serve as a model for studying epilepsy, osteoarthritis and other pathologies. Cats are used in the study of some infectious, ophthalmological diseases and for conducting a number of studies to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug being tested. Both types of animals are susceptible to spontaneous diseases and are used in cardiological research, in the study of metabolic diseases (in particular, diabetes), in comparative oncology. Animals are used as a model of inflammatory diseases, in biomedical research (as sources of stem cells). The article describes the methodology step by step from the procedure of preparation for necropsy, external examination, to the sequential opening of cavities and body parts for the extraction of organs. All methods of organ extraction, as well as the sequence of actions described in this article, ensure the reproducibility of the stages of necropsy, the extraction of organs in the required composition while maintaining their integrity suitable for further histological examination, minimizing their damage, optimizing the workflow.