СПОСОБ ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЯ РИСКА РАЗВИТИЯ БРОНХИАЛЬНОЙ АСТМЫ У ДЕТЕЙ 7 ЛЕТ И МЛАДШЕ, ИМЕЮЩИХ ОТЯГОЩЕННЫЙ АЛЛЕРГОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ АНАМНЕЗ

Abstract

Allergic respiratory diseases remain one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases in children today. Most of the onset of these diseases occurs in young children. The prognosis and course of respiratory allergic diseases is affected by timely diagnosis and adequate pathogenetic therapy. Nail-fold capillaroscopy is a non-invasive way to evaluate changes in the microvasculature in patients. The revealed changes in the microvasculature can be a prognostic method for assessing the risk of developing bronchial asthma in early age, with an aggravated allergic history. The purpose of this study was to simplify and improve the accuracy of forecasting the formation of bronchial asthma in young children with a burdened allergic history by increasing the objectivity and informativeness of the parameters of microcirculatory disorders using the computerized nail bed capillaroscopy. In a polyclinic, capillaroscopy of the nail-fold was performed in 150 children aged 1 to 7 years who had a burdened allergic history and were in remission for more than 2 months. Based on the data obtained, the following statistical indicators were calculated: the diameter of the venular part of the capillaries, the rate of capillary blood flow, the number of functioning capillaries per unit area. It was found that in patients with an aggravated allergic history, when assessing microcirculation, an increase in the diameter of the venular part of the capillaries, a decrease in the rate of capillary blood flow, and an increase in the number of functioning capillaries were determined. During the follow-up observation of these patients for 5 years, 34 patients (29.82%) were diagnosed with bronchial asthma.