Abstract
The Yakutsky site of the Federal highway P504 "Kolyma" with a length of 1197 km was investigated. A GIS project was created in ArcGIS format. A spatial geographical analysis of geocryological conditions (soil temperature, seasonal thawing depth, cryogenic processes) using GIS technology was carried out. 12 types of terrain have been identified by cutting out a scale of 1:1 500 000 from the Permafrost-landscape map of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Spatial analysis results are reflected in the form of maps. Quantitative characteristics of permafrost conditions are given in the form of diagrams. It was revealed that the road was mainly laid along sections of low terraces (33,2% of the total area of 100 m of the zone) and the inter-alas type of terrain (10,3%), composed of high-ice deposits. In these areas, frost cracking is most often expressed in combination with other cryogenic processes (53,6%) and thermokarst (21,7%). The temperature of soils in the landscapes of the studied territory most of all varies from −2 to −4 °, the lowest temperatures (−9 °) are found in 3% of the territory in the mountain lichen tundra of the Verkhoyansk Range. The maximum depths of seasonal thawing (> 2,5 m) can be traced only 5% of the total territory. The prevailing value of seasonal thawing depth is from 1,5 to 2 m. Keywords: permafrost conditions, GIS technologies, spatial analysis, soil temperature, permafrost processes, Kolyma highway.
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