Эволюция мотивов народного искусства в отечественном печатном текстиле 40–60-х гг. XX в.

Abstract

The paper deals with design features of drawings using motifs of folk art at domestic enterprises producing printed textiles. Domestic textiles of the post-war years may be roughly divided into three periods. The patterns of the first post-war years and the beginning of the 1950s keep a stylistic unity with the pre-war period. Most of the drawings associated from our perspective with the image of the 60s were created in a rather short period of 1956–1965 and expressed themselves in bright rich ornaments. In the last four years, there has been a gradual evolution of textile patterns towards the organic plastics of Art Nouveau and “refinement” of forms, which create uniform filling of the fabric`s plane. The restoration of the textile industry began even before the end of the war. Since 1944, the unaffected enterprises resumed producing printed textiles for the population. In the first post-war years, drawings with the use of folk motifs most often represented an imitation of embroidery and weaving. The end of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1960s came to be a time of radical changes in a social and political life of the USSR. The artistic design of textiles comes under the influence of ideas of “international style”, the experimental search for unofficial art of the time, and international contacts. The motifs of folk art receive a figurative and emotional interpretation.