Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is very high and grows dangerously, being the most common cause of death. Severe vascular and neurological complications, which result in early disability and high mortality, and reduction in life expectancy and the quality of life, account for the medical and social relevance of T2D. T2D is characterized by progressive dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells in the development of insulin resistance. This paper addresses the mechanisms of action of glucose-lowering medications, i.e., pioglitazone belonging to a group of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) agonists, and alogliptin belonging to a group of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Pioglitazone increases insulin sensitivity via enhancing the expression of numerous genes encoding proteins that modulate glucose and lipid metabolism. Alogliptin improves the glucose-dependent activity of β-cells and inhibits the increased secretion of glucagon. Alogliptin is characterized by low risks of hypoglycemia and cardiovascular safety. Pioglitazone-alogliptin fixed-dose combination is helpful to control T2D effectively and safely since this combination affects 10 out of 11 pathophysiological defects resulting in T2D. KEYWORDS: type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, β-cells, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor, thiazolidinediones, gliptin. FOR CITATION: Mkrtumyan A.M., Sviridova M.I. New powerful treatment approach to type 2 diabetes. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2021;5(9):592–597 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2021-5-9-592-597.
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