ЖИТЛОВИЙ ЛЬВІВ. ІСТОРІЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЖИТЛОВОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА У ПЕРІОД 1945–2010 РР.

Abstract

Housing has always largely determined the appearance of the city. It can be said that there is no city without housing and there never has been one. Even if at the beginning, when a fact of the urban environment appeared, this side played a secondary role (for example, if we are talking about a castle or a military camp), very soon the modifications were started for the benefit of the residential function. (Rossi, 1976, 2011). Italian architect Aldo Rossi’s opinion defines the role and place of the housing in the city landscape. Evaluating the residential sector of our cities, we often think of the soviet residential districts. The massive construction that took place in the 70-s–80-s years of the last century shaped the living environment for the majority of citizens. Portrait of residential Lviv is only partially composed of historic buildings and neighbourhoods. Most of it looks like a housing district, typical for most cities in Ukraine. What part of this portrait is modern? In 2020 in Lviv was built 460,000 sq. of residential areas, and the year before – 567,000 sq. In 2021 Lviv was ranked second city in Ukraine in terms of the volume of residential construction, having established itself in this status. Evaluation of modern residential construction in Lviv requires investigation of historical conditions of its development. Since the pre-war construction of the period, which now can be considered historic, was relatively insignificant part of the housing stock in terms of modern indicators, the study takes its beginning from the postwar years, the period in which Lviv and Ukraine were part of the Soviet Union. The article is devoted to the study of history of the formation of residential buildings in the city of Lviv, starting from the period of its highest development to the beginning of the modern phase of massive construction. Described the history of the main part of housing construction of the city and marked out the main historical stages of development. Based on the analysis of open data using the method of geoinformation modelling, the article analyses the territorial development of residential construction and distinguishes the main areas of development. It examines the main residential building characteristics and socio-economic phenomena that accompanied its development.