Abstract
At the beginning of World War II, hundreds of thousands of Polish citizens found themselves on the territory of the Soviet Union, most of whom were military personnel and their family members, and there were also those who arrived as industrial workers. However, most Poles were forced into the northern and eastern regions of the USSR. After the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, by agreement between the Soviet government and the Polish government in exile, an army led by General V. Anders was formed from prisoners, exiles and imprisoned Polish citizens. Polish armed formations, which were part of this army, were on the territory of the USSR from August 1941 to August 1942. In the future, these compounds were withdrawn to Iran. In this article, the author analyzes the issues of Soviet-Polish relations, as well as the problems of formation, preparation and evacuation of Anders' army.
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