О реализации задач инспектирования школьных учреждений России в 1921–1923 годы (на примере Курской губернии)

Abstract

The relevance of the article stems from the importance of a qualitative study of the tasks of inspection inspections of schools in Soviet Russia, which was used by the state as a control over the process of building a new school. A century later, inspection tasks have a similar focus. In addition, the inspection and control activities in the schools of the Kursk region in the first revolutions and the civil War have not been studied, which increases the relevance of the presented material. The purpose of the article is to define the tasks of inspecting schools in Russia in 1921-1923. The objectives of the article follow from the goal and are to: to determine the timing of the creation of the Soviet inspection apparatus of schools; to formulate the tasks of the inspection of the Soviet school; to indicate the specifics of the inspection of school institutions in the counties of the Kursk province. The methodology of the article is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency, which are supplemented by special methods, which include historical-legal, historical-comparative and historical-typological. Result. After the establishment of Soviet power in Russia, a new educational doctrine is being formed. Control over its implementation in schools was carried out by the inspection apparatus. It was built on new principles. The inspectors were faced with tasks related to monitoring the implementation of the instructions of the new government in the field of public education. The inspectors were trained in special courses, but the main professional criterion of the inspector was the acceptance and dissemination of the ideology of state power. In the Kursk region, the process of creating an inspection apparatus was completed in 1923, but a thorough study of schools in the outback began in 1924. An important area of control was the execution in school institutions of decrees, resolutions and orders of the Central Executive Committee and the SNK on public education. Based on the inspectors' reports, new directives were developed. Conclusions. The change of the state-political system in Russia predetermined fundamental changes in the education system, which were controlled by a specially created inspectorate. The education system was based on principles different from the "old" school. The goal of the Soviet government was to build a labor school and, as a result, the conformity of the educational and educational process with the principles of the labor school. The inspection apparatus, which controls the implementation of the ideological principles of power, was a supervisory body and a connecting element between educational institutions and public education departments.