Протоколи допитів з архівно-слідчих справ українських гуманітаріїв 1920–1930-х рр.: аналіз та інтерпретація

Abstract

This article analyses the important documents on repression of the Ukrainian humanitarian intellectuals in 1920-1930s. A very sophisticated source of research, archive-investigation cases of the repressed, is analysed. The investigation cases of Yevheniia Spaska, Fedor Kozubovskyi, Mykhailo Kozoris reflect how important the interview records of Ukrainian humanitarians were for framing up cases. The article examines the ways in which historical facts can be proved being authentic. Because the records of the interviews were used for terror, there is a problem of identifying the authenticity of an information in those records. It is defined that the extent of probability that some events happened in reality depends on the time period. At times of the highest activity of repressive activities the credibility of facts decline significantly as the cases could not be investigated properly and because of significant falsification. The probability of some facts truthfulness rises when they do not relate to the essence of the case, for instance, Yevhenia Spaska mentioned about her brothers who had been fighting for the White Movement and immigrated thereafter. If the subject of a charge does not respond to the social estate of the defendant, the facts have been falsified. The archaeologist Fedir Kozubovskyi was charged with a participation in a terroristic organisation. To determine credibility of the information in the records of the interviews the other cases on rehabilitation are used. Mykhailo Kozoris’ case is a striking example on illegal ways of evidence collection in times of rehabilitation. Those materials, which were lacking for one case, were falsified as obtained in other cases.