Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore and clarify the formation of Korean churches in Tokyo founded by joint-missionary work of Presbyterian and Methodist churches in Korea, from the late 1920s to the late 1930s, when this joint-missionary work came to the end. This study uses Christian newspapers and journals in Korea and Japan, minutes of Christian organizations such as the Korean National Christian Council, Christian yearbooks, and autobiographies as research materials. After reviewing the transition of mission organizations engaged in missionary work among Koreans in Tokyo and changes of the Korean population in Tokyo, this article explores the formation of Korean churches.BR After the foundation of the first church, Kanda Church, in 1908, more than 20 years passed before the second church in Tokyo, Tsukishima Church, was established under the joint-missionary work in 1929. This church was founded with the help of Anglican missionaries. Including this church, eight churches (Tsukishima, Meguro, Zoshigaya, Fukagawa, Komagome, Ohji, Arakawa, and Shinagawa Churches) were established from 1929 to the late 1930s. Of these churches, two churches, Ohji and Arakawa Churches, were not established by joint-missionary work, but formed independently.BR In 1934, a denomination, “the Korean Christian Church in Japan,” was founded as a result of joint-missionary work. In the same year, a disturbance occurred in Kanda Church due to differences of opinion over the construction of its church building. This resulted in the secession of three churches, Kanda, Fukagawa, and Komagome Churches, from the Korean Christian Church in Japan. Soon after this, the Korean Christian Church in Japan founded another church, Tokyo Central Church. This study argues that this church should be regarded as one that split away from Kanda Church.BR Of the churches mentioned above, only four remained in existence until the time of Japan’s defeat in 1945. These were Yoyogi (formerly Tokyo Central Church), Meguro, Zoshigaya, and Shinagawa Churches.
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