Започаткування та розвиток тюремного піклування в Херсонській губернії (1828-1857 рр.)

Abstract

The purpose is to study the specifics of prison care in the Kherson province in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. The research methodology is based on the principles of a specific historical approach or historicism. The study uses historical and genetic, historical and comparative, periodisation, and descriptive methods. The scientific novelty of the study is that it is the first attempt to form a holistic view of the origins of prison care in the Kherson province, in particular in such cities as Kherson and Alexandria. The study analyses for the first time the formation and activities of the Kherson Prison Care Committee, and examines its work in modernising the prison system. At the same time, the first attempts to establish trusteeship committees in the county towns of the province are studied. In turn, the activities of the Kherson Committee of Trustees were examined in the context of the formation of prison care in the Ukrainian provinces of the Russian Empire. Conclusions. It has been established that the Kherson Prison Trusteeship Committee emerged after the construction of the Kherson prison castle, which was a typical phenomenon in the Ukrainian provinces of the empire. The development of its activities, like most regional committees, can be divided into two stages. From its foundation in 1835 to the 1840s, the committee introduced significant changes to the prison regime and prisoners' living conditions, trying to organise the functioning of the provincial prison on the basis of the Prison Instruction of 1831. During the 1840s, until the reform of prison care in 1851 and the provincial audit, the committee's activity declined and it performed exclusively economic functions. The reason for the passivity of local elites in promoting prison reform is associated with the lack of educational and ecumenical ideals inherent in the organisers of prison reforms in Western Europe and the capital of the Russian Empire..