복종과 저항 우치무라 간조(內村鑑三)의 애국심에 대한 일고찰

Abstract

Modern Japan as we know it today is the result of the shock of Western imperialism which opened the country to foreign intercourse. Uchimura Kanzo lived at a time when the country attained national unification as a Tenno system state. Japan - which was an object of patriotism for Uchimura - promoted a religious authority referred to as the Tenno system that was created under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan(大日本帝國憲法, DaiNippon Teikoku Kenpo) and the Imperial Rescript on Education(敎育勅語, Kyoiku Chokugo). The system required the loyalty and obedience of a ‘subject (臣民)’. In other words, under the Tenno system Japanese people (namely "subjects") were locked in a framework of ‘implicit obedience’ as a national structure, in which loyalty to the nation meant unconditional obedience. Rather than unconditional loyalty, Uchimura viewed the responsibility of a Christian to the state as one based on obedience or resistance according to conscience. However, limited by the barrier of nationalism, Uchimura’s patriotism prevented him from crossing the races barrier, as should be obvious from his Korean recognition.