Abstract
The technical equipment of agricultural production in Russia is characterized by a low level of energy supply. In the regions of the country, where a sharp decrease in technical equipment has been stabilized, there is a decrease in the number of machines that have developed a standard service life. (Research purpose) The research purpose is assessing the operational reliability of agricultural machinery taking into account the regional features of the maintenance system, capital repairs and modernization of machinery. (Materials and methods) It was noted that in the Republic of Bashkortostan, a program is being implemented to subsidize the costs of agricultural producers for capital repairs and modernization of equipment, which has significantly increased the availability factor of tractors and combines while increasing their standard service life. (Results and discussion) It was established that the operational reliability of agricultural machinery is largely ensured taking into account the regional characteristics of the maintenance and repair system, which is determined by the leading and coordinating role of the regional Ministry of Agriculture in the field of state support for the technical service system of agricultural machinery, scientific, technical and personnel policy. The directions of activity of the engineering service of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Bashkortostan have been identified: subsidizing technical service enterprises; development of tools and technologies for maintenance and repair (import substitution); coordination of work for the serial production of new types of equipment; organization of interaction with industrial enterprises; search and development of constructive solutions to improve the design of components and assemblies; creation of zonal service centers by dealers in the territory of supervised regions; advanced training and retraining of engineering personnel; creation of a systematic catalog database data on tractor parts and mobile agricultural machinery; the development of the secondary market and the trade-in system of agricultural machinery. (Conclusions) Measures of influence on the system of maintenance and repair were determined, taking into account regional peculiarities in the field of state support for the system of technical service of agricultural machinery, scientific, technical and personnel policy of the region.
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