코시긴과 그의 동료들 – 코시긴 개혁의 인적 요소 형성 과정

Abstract

Alexei Nikolayevich Kosygin served as the most crucial figure in undertaking the economic reform of 1965 in the Soviet Union. The whole process of the 1965 economic reform, which was carried forward by a group of cadres with Kosygin as the center, had been closely related to a human network materialized through his political activities in Moscow. Kosygin was chosen as one of the principal economic managers by the central authorities of Moscow in the late 1930s. This promotion stemmed from not only Kosygin’s performance in works, but also a human network he endeavored to create with high-profile cadres in the Party against the background of generational transition in the Soviet society based on larger societal upheaval in the 1930s. The most crucial turning point of Kosygin’s political career was when he began to take charges of wartime mobilization and distribution of resources as well as asset transfers in the Second World War. As the war approached to an end, Kosygin took charge of reforming currency and abolishing the ration system, both of which were key post-war reconstruction policies, starting to collaborate with currency and financial experts hailing from the Soviet Ministry of Finance and the Central Bank of the Soviet Union. During this period, Kosygin accumulated experience in addressing the central issues of finance, budget, and monetary circulation in the post-war reconstruction of the Soviet economy and simultaneously familiarized himself with various attitudes of currency and financial experts regarding the future direction of the Soviet economy. Though Kosygin was out of the central posts as he was involved in “Leningrad affairs” for 4 to 5 years, he rather made a larger human network working in various economic offices and departments. Kosygin began to work in the State Planning Committee in 1957 and then as the First Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers, which were directly related to his career in drawing the 1965 economic reform. During this period, Kosygin directed the planning and management of the Soviet economy in general, constructing the fundamental frame of economic reforms through especially working together with groups of economic experts at varying levels up until 1965.