АНАЛИЗ ЗАВИСИМОСТЕЙ РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ РАДИОНУКЛИДОВ ОТ СПОСОБА ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ НЕФТЕСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ОТХОДОВ

Abstract

In this paper main regularities of distribution of radionuclides in dependence of the method of treatment of oil-containing wastes have been analyzed. Calculation of limit values of the specific effective activity of natural radionuclides have been carried out. Results of experiments are showing that during the burning of oil sludges samples the analyzed radionuclides behave the same in all cases. The relationship between migration coefficients and ash content has been also established. For the samples with more high ash content during the burning the coefficients of migration of radionuclides into the remaining ashes were high than for the samples with the lower values of ash. Estimation of migration of natural radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40Kin the processes of treatment of oil-containing wastes (burning, extraction of oil products, distillation of the diesel fraction) has been carries out. It was determined that during the carrying out of these processes the radionuclides are concentrated in more solid processes products: in ash, solid residue and bitumen fraction. As result, it increases their specific effective activity. The dependence of the coefficients of migration of radionuclides from the ash and the con tent of the mechanic impurities during the treatment by the methods of burning and extraction of oil products has been also received. Using of the results of work is allowing us to select the most appropriate methods of treatment of oil-containing wastes and to reach significant reduction of radioactive nuclides negative impact to the humans and to the environment.