Եզակի օջախային Կաստլեմանի հիվանդության ախտորոշման և բուժման ժամանակակից մոտեցումները

Abstract

Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder associated with HHV-8 and HIV viruses. Currently, there are two types of Castleman disease based on the prevalence of affected lymph nodes: Unicentric Castleman disease and Multicentric Castleman disease. Unicentric Castleman disease involves a lesion of one lymph node or lymph nodes in the same group. The diagnosis is made by histological and immunohistochemical examination of the removed lymph node. Furthermore, it is essential to distinguish Unicentric Castleman disease from Multicentric Castleman disease, for which PET/CT screening is an excellent method. The treatment approach of Unicentric Castleman disease is the surgical excision of all affected lymph nodes, and in non-resectable and asymptomatic cases, control is prescribed. In symptomatic cases, immunosuppressive therapy (rituximab, steroids, anti-IL6 antibodies) should be considered, followed by surgery or radiotherapy.