НАПРЯМИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ПРАВОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЗАХИСТУ КРИТИЧНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of legal and organizational and managerial problems of improving the protection of critical infrastructure of the state in Ukraine. The issue of optimizing the system of critical infrastructure protection is studied as a factor in ensuring the national stability of our country in a hybrid war. Prospects for optimizing the system of critical infrastructure protection through further active implementation of risk-oriented management methodology and program-target approach in the activities of national security entities are also studied, the directions of organizational, legal and financial support of this process are determined. The study of the security situation shows that solving problems in the field of national security is possible only on the basis of an adaptive approach based on systematic response to existing and future threats. It is noted that the tasks of protecting critical infrastructure and ensuring national stability and national resilience in general should be implemented using modern management technologies. The basis of the concept of developing a new risk management system is the transition from a fragmented response to strategic risks to the complex integrated actions that are part of the overall management of national security. It should be noted that given the real economic potential of the state, the risk management mechanism as a basis for ensuring national resilience and protection of critical infrastructure should be as effective as possible in terms of comparing the cost of its activities and the results obtained. Effective risk management is possible only in the context of the implementation of comprehensive government targeted programs, which must be adequately provided with financial resources through appropriate budget programs. It is argued that the core of the state system of critical infrastructure protection and risk management in this area should be economic mechanisms. Their purpose is to form the economic foundation for the functioning of this system at all levels of security management, from the object to the national. It is proposed to improve the existing and put into operation all those other economic regulators that have found application in world practice. The set of economic regulatory mechanisms should ensure the optimal balance of economic costs and the level of security in conditions of limited resources in the state. The implementation of this direction should also take place within the framework of public-private partnership in the field of critical infrastructure protection. It turns out that the development of a national risk management strategy is also a matter of time. Achieving acceptable levels of risk throughout the country is a long-term national task that should be implemented in stages. The implementation of this strategy should be based on the program-target method of both planning and budgeting. In order to strengthen the targeted nature of the use of budget funds and get the maximum results from the resources involved in the security sector, it is necessary to make appropriate changes to the Budget Code of Ukraine in order to detail the classification of budget expenditures. It should also be noted that the regulation of the budget classification by the Budget Code will significantly contribute to the optimization and unification of budget expenditures. Tasks and functions of some important security sector bodies in the protection of critical infrastructure should be detailed at the legislative level.