МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ В СОСУДИСТОЙ ПОЛОСКЕ ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМ ЭНДОЛИМФАТИЧЕСКОМ ГИДРОПСЕ

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. Etiopathogenesis of Ménière’s disease is still poorly understood, although the morphological substrate of this disease is known well: It is endolymphatic hydrops. Animal modeling of endolymphatic hydrops has traditionally been used to study the relationship between hydrops and changes in the inner ear. In recent years, the attention of researchers has been attracted by microcirculatory disorders in the stria vascularis during experimental endolymphatic hydrops, since the stria vascularis is essential to maintaining endolymph homeostasis, transporting ions, generating endocochlear potential, and supporting the function of the organ of Corti. Aim. This study was aimed at examining alterations in the stria vascularis in experimental endolymphatic hydrops. Materials and Methods. Endolymphatic hydrops was modeled in 90 rats by irrigating the lateral surface of the neck in the projection of the vertebral artery with chloroethyl to simulate vasomotor disorders. Animals were killed at different periods after exposure (1-8 days). In the 1st series of experiments (40 animals), we studied the dynamics of pathomorphological changes in the cochlea, while in the 2nd series (40 animals), we studied changes in the stria vascularis after intravital isolation of the cochlea. Results and Discussion. Local cooling of the lateral surface of the neck of rats led to forming the labyrinth hydrops on the affected side with the key morphological features: Edema of cellular elements, deformation of membranes (vestibular and tectorial), and vascular disorders (hyperemia of the vascular stria, venous congestion). Hydropic changes reached their maximum on the 4th day after exposure. In the capillaries of the stria vascularis, we observed an expansion of their diameters, sludge syndrome, and the edema of paravascular tissues. Microcirculatory changes correlated with the severity of EG signs, reaching their maximum on the 4th day after exposure with subsequent regression. Conclusions. Synchronous development of microcirculatory and hydropic changes in the inner ear indicates that the vascular factor is involved in forming the experimental endolymphatic hydrops.