Abstract
Studies on the differences in the morphological characteristics of freestyle wrestlers belonging to related ethnic groups from South Siberia and Central Asia have not been previously conducted. This research aimed to perform a comparative analysis of the anthropometric and functional characteristics of freestyle wrestlers from two mono-ethnic samples: the Altaians and the Mongols. A total of 99 freestyle wrestlers were examined (mean age 25.0 ± 2.6 years). The anthropometric survey included measuring longitudinal (body length and length of segments), transverse (shoulder and pelvis width, transverse and sagittal diameters of the chest), circumferential (trunk and limb circumference) parameters, as well as body weight and skinfold thickness on the trunk and limbs. Body composition was determined by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (ABC-02 MEDASS, Russia). During the stratification of athletes by the total body measures (weight and height), we identified anthropometric differences that can be either interethnic or those formed under the influence of targeted selection. The comparative analysis of anthropometric features of the longitudinal and transverse development of the skeleton allows us to suggest that the high values of the transverse diameter of the chest as well as relatively long legs and short arms typical of the Altaians are preserved by sports selection and are manifested in a wide range of height and weight values. The greatest variability is characteristic of the body’s fat component. Within the normal body length/weight ratio (body mass index ranging between 22.0 and 24.9 kg/m2), Altaian athletes showed greater fat mass but lower level of subcutaneous fat deposition compared to Mongolian wrestlers with the same body weight.
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