Сравнительный анализ заболеваемости ожирением детей, проживающих в Московской области

Abstract

Aim: to conduct a comparative analysis concerning the overall prevalence of obesity in children 0–17 years old living in the Moscow region (MO) for 2012 and 2022. Patients and Methods: a comparative descriptive epidemiological study was conducted based on the data from the annual reporting forms of the Federal Statistical Observation No. 12 "Information on the number of diseases registered in patients residing in the area served by the medical institution" for the child population (from 0 to 17 y.o.) for 2012 and 2022. Results: in 2012, the diagnosis of obesity (ICD-10 code E66 for Overweight and obesity) was established in 13,781 children, including 9,608 children under 14 years old and 4,173 adolescents aged 15–17. In 2022, the diagnosis was established in 19,329 children, including 13,386 children under 14 and 5,943 adolescents aged 15–17. The overall number of children with obesity in 2022 compared to 2012 increased by 4% (from 11.76 to 12.29 cases per 1000 children's population), with the most significant increase observed among adolescents aged 15–17 (23%, from 22.48 to 27.74 per 1000 population), primarily among female patients. An increase in the overall prevalence in 2022 versus 2012 was observed in 18 city districts (38%), and a decrease — in 14 city districts (30%). In 2012, the prevalence rate higher than the average regional level (45%) in the age group of 0–14 y.o. was reported in 21 city districts, in the age group of 15–17 y.o. – in 23 city districts (49%), whereas the lower rate was in 25 (53%) and 24 (51%) city districts, respectively. In 2022, prevalence rates higher than the regional average for children aged 0–14 and 15–17 were observed in 18 city districts (38%), and lower — in 28 (60%) and 29 (61%) city districts, respectively, with a morbidity increase in 2 or more times in some city districts. Comparative epidemiological data on childhood obesity prevalence in different city districts of the MR were characterized by heterogeneity and significant variation in indicators. Conclusion: the overall prevalence of childhood obesity in 2022 versus 2012 has increased on average by 4%. The number of regions with an increase in the overall prevalence of obesity exceeded the number of regions with a decrease in this indicator. KEYWORDS: obesity, children, adolescents, incidence, prevalence, Moscow region. FOR CITATION: Bokova Т.А., Shishulina E.E., Bevz А.S., Kartashova D.A. Comparative analysis concerning the prevalence of childhood obesity in the Moscow region. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2024;7(1):51–57 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2024-7-1-8.