НАЗЕМНЫЕ КАРТОГРАФО-ГЕОДЕЗИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЛАНДШАФТОВ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОЙ ЧАСТИ РОССИЙСКОЙ АРКТИКИ

Abstract

According to the results of land-based cartographic-geodetic works in the Barents/Euro-Arctic region, the opportunities of its use as a tool for operational fixation of the current state of landscape cover during unpredictable synoptic situation are shown. The expediency of the use of geodetic survey as the only possible method for creating a geospatial basis of the territory in conditions that limit receiving high-precision data by using remote geographical measurements is confirmed. The systems of measures and strategies for the sustainable development of the Arctic states aimed at a comprehensive scientific study of the region with the use of land-based and remote methods are described. The regularities of landscape cover organization on the key areas (the Flora Cape – the Franz Josef Land Archipelago and the Belyi Nos Cape – the Nenets Autonomous Okrug) are revealed during the large-scale (1:500) geodetic survey conducted by the authors in the 2015 summer season during the scientific rout on the research vessel Professor Molchanov within the Arctic Floating University international expedition. The new map data, which allow to estimate the localization of landscapes areals in cryogenic conditions, were created. The leading factors defining spatial and incomponent links in cryogenic landscapes at the local level are revealed. In the synthesis of data, the emphasis is made on the possibilities, advantages and disadvantages of the land-based cartographic-geodetic methods are used for the study of the Arctic territories.